One thought is that maybe Corvette blocks had something different in the machining process compared to regular passenger blocks? I really do not know. Would be interesting to know if there was a trend. I am 90% sure that blocks for full size are exactly the same as Camaro and Chevelle.
Personally I have only seen the P on 1968 and earlier blocks. But I have no idea what exact years the P was used, when or if it ended.